What is indicated by the term "detonation"?

The term "detonation" specifically refers to a rapid chemical reaction that produces heat and gas, resulting in an explosive shock wave. This process occurs at a speed greater than the speed of sound in the explosive material, which leads to the shock wave propagating through the surrounding medium. Detonation is characterized by its intensity and speed, making it distinct from other forms of explosive reactions, such as deflagration, which occurs at a slower rate.

In contrast, the other choices describe different phenomena or methods in relation to explosives. For instance, the first option refers to a slow chemical reaction that produces heat, which is not associated with the violent and rapid nature of detonation. The second option presents a handling method, which does not define the term itself, and the fourth option discusses a technique in controlled demolition, which is a practical application that may involve detonation but does not define what detonation is. Therefore, the correct choice encapsulates the essence of detonation as a rapid and violent release of energy.